Allergic Pododermatitis and Viral Papilloma

Most commonly seen in Pomeranians, Poodles and Nordic breeds 

Belly changes Staffy with atopic dermatitis 

Pustules and papules due to Staph infection secondary to atopic dermatitis 

Bacterial and yeast overgrowth secondary to allergic dermatitis 

Severe infection after long term corticosteroid use

Infection of the nose with Alternaria fungus 

Firm skin, white deposits and inflammed

Note Horners syndrome (pupil constriction and drooped eyelid).

Chiahuahua. Most common in Dobermans

Effects of prolonged use of corticosteroids

 Involvement of mouth 

Differential diagnosis is immune mediated disease 

Dermatomyositis is a familial disease of blood vessels (vasculitis) that is seen in Collies, Shelties, and some other breeds, especially the Jack Russell Terrier.

Typically, it has a long course of repeated skin death and scarring. Tail tips, ears, and extremities may also be involved. Sunlight makes it worse. Responds well to immuno-modulating treatment

Fungal lesion caused by soil-based dermatophyte

Maybe inflamed and have secondary bacterial infection. Often misdiagnosed as a "Hot Spot". Differential diagnosis is tumor such as mast cell tumor or histiocytoma. Fine needle aspirate shows mixed inflammatory cells. Local and systemic anti-fungal treatment is usually highly successful.

This disease mostly responds well to immunomodulatory drugs and sun restriction

Severe allergic reaction to food items

Serious liver or pancreatic disease. Blood tests sometimes don't show how serious the problem is.

Juvenile cellulitis in a 10-week-old puppy

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Infection commonly associated with allergy.

This condition will respond to three weeks of antibiotics at the correct dose. It may re-occur if the underlying allergies are not controlled. Mucocutaneous pyoderma must be differentiated from yeast (Malassezia) infection and immune-mediated diseases. German Shepherds seem predisposed.

Mucocutaneous pyoderma can mimic DLE of the nose and biopsy is NOT useful in many cases to distinguish. A three week antimicrobial response trial is the best means to differentiate MCP from DLE and other immune mediated diseases of the nose

Mucocutaneous pyoderma can mimic DLE of the nose and biopsy is NOT useful in many cases to distinguish. A three-week antimicrobial response trial is the best means to differentiate MCP from DLE and other immune-mediated diseases of the nose. Treatment was in this case topical chlorhexidine lotion and three weeks of cephalexin at 25 mg/kg 2x day 

In cases of feline pemphigus, most nails can be affected

Thick cheesy pus is characteristic

Confined to head only. A more benign disease than pemphigus foliaceus.

Often responds to less aggressive therapy than pemphigus foliaceus.

Pemphigus erythematosus nose

This case could be discoid lupus or pemhigus erythematous. The yellow crusts and large number of neutrophils on cytology suggested PE. This was confirmed by biopsy

Pemphigus erythematosus post treatment

Short corticosteroid course and maintained on doxycycline and niacin amide combine with sun restriction

Pemphigus foliaceus - auto-immune disease

Acantholytic cells and intact neutrophils

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Footpad crusts, scale, fissure formation and erosion

Idiopathic hyperkeratosis
Split pad syndrome
Pemphigus foliaceus
Hepatocutaneous syndrome

Cytology under crusts revealed many neutrophils and some acantholytic keratinocytes. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology 

Chronic atopic dermatitis with yeast overgrowth

Bulldog with lymphocytic plasmacytic pododermatitis

Sebaceous Adenitis Hungarian Visla

Immune-mediated disease attacking the oil-producing (sebaceous) glands. In the Visla, it presents as light scale and very dry skin with hair loss. Itchy only if it becomes infected. Responds to moisturizing therapy and cyclosporine

Trichophyton Rinworm (Dermatophytosis) in a Jack Russell Terrier, a breed predisposed to this. Transmitted from soil or rats and mice. Can spread to humans.

Very itchy and responds poorly to anti-itch drugs and gets worse with corticosteroids,

Typically scaly with hair loss and involves head and front limbs.

Responds well to topical and systemic antifungals (Terbinafine or itraconazole)

Flare up of vasculitis in a dog. Ears, toenails and feet also affected

Noninflammatory depigmentation. Note intact cobblestones of nasal planum.

The lips, eyelids, and foot pads were also affected. Compare with inflammatory changes seen in cutaneous discoid lupus of the nose.

Malamute Husky cross. Ear with scale and secondary infection